An English study of Thai HR practices

Leading human-resources expert Siriyupa Roongrerngsuke has recently launched one of the first English-language books ever published about Thai human-resources management systems and values. It is entitled "Best HR Practices in Thailand".

Siriyupa is currently head of the human-resources programme at Chulalongkorn University's Sasin Graduate Institute of Business Administration.

The book traces Thailand's human-resource management practices back 700 years, from the Sukhothai period to the present day.

Speaking at a recent seminar held to introduce the book, the Sasin associate professor said the "father-son" and "god-king" systems, founded in ancient times, were still deeply rooted in Thais.

"One way in which Thais behave is called kreng jai. Face-saving is also very important for Thais. There are also nam jai and katanyu, and if you get too much of these, they become nepotism," she said.

"My recent survey has found that favouritism is still around [in Thai companies]." she said.

In her book, Siriyupa defines kreng jai as a behavioural trait best known for its avoidance of conflict. However, its real meaning is to have consideration for the feelings of others. Nam jai, which literally means "water from the heart", refers to acts of kindness, or volunteering help to someone without the expectation of anything in return. Katanyu means "grateful".

She said it was crucial for employers to be skilful in dealing with the heart - or jai - of Thai staff.

"If you speak nicely [to Thais], they will work for you till they're dead, but if you do not speak well, there is nothing that can hold them there," Siriyupa said.

Thais are also known for their profound love of freedom, but that can also mean a lack of discipline. Sanuk, or enjoyment of fun, is another distinct character of Thai workers, she said.

These Thai values - nepotism in particular - have become obstacles for Thai companies in achieving effective performance management.

Siriyupa said she hoped "Best HR Practices in Thailand" would become a "second textbook" used by Thai students in human-resources studies. The main textbook would have to be based on international curricula. The book is also aimed at foreigners wanting to learn and understand Thai human-resources practices, so they can fine-tune staff management according to local norms and culture.

Published by Nation News Network, "Best HR Practices in Thailand" is divided into two parts: "Thailand and HRM from the Sukhothai Dynasty to the Contemporary Period" and "Best HRM Practices and Lessons Learned from CEOs and Senior HR Managers in Thailand". The latter includes case studies from local companies such as Minor Group and Thai Yamaha.